Lloyd Morgan ' s Canon FROM : Greenberg , G
نویسنده
چکیده
"Perhaps the most quoted statement in the history of comparative psychology is Lloyd Morgan's canon" (Dewsbury, 1984, p. 187). To this it can be added that perhaps the most misrepresented statement in the history of comparative psychology is Lloyd Morgan's canon. Apparently a version of Morgan's canon was first published in 1892 (Dixon, 1892; Morgan, 1892). However, the most cited version of the canon is from the first edition of An Introduction to Comparative Psychology (Morgan, 1894): "In no case may we interpret an action as the outcome of the exercise of a higher psychical faculty, if it ~an be interpreted as the outcome of the exercise of one which stands lower in·the psychological scale" (p. 53). In later editions, Morgan made it clear that "psychological processes" could be substituted for psychical faculties. 1
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